Step by Step: Heat Transfer Guide

Posted by info@eliteheatfilm.com.au BigCommerce on 21st Sep 2022

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Step By Step:
Heat
Transfers


Posted by Scott Stevens, 22 December 2021

Custom T-Shirt Printing is all the rage right now.  

Screen Printing not an option?

Vinyl Heat Transfers are the perfect option to save costs, time and effort.

Here you will read a condensed list of everything you need know about Heat Transfers.

As opposed to adhesive vinyl or sign vinyl, heat transfer vinyl is printed onto soft goods using heat and pressure. The application of heat transfer vinyl depends on the fabric and the application guidelines.

Here, you will learn about the different kinds of heat transfer vinyl available: how to cut, weed, and apply HTV; and what equipment to use.

 

HTV Terminology

By understanding these common HTV terms, you'll be able to refer to application guides, read industry blogs, and follow along with tutorial videos fluently.

Vinyl Cutter

When it comes to DIY heat transfer production, vinyl cutters are the equipment of choice. Create unique apparel designs or personalize print-on-demand orders with them when you combine heat transfer vinyl, screen printed transfers, or transfer paper. The cutter cuts the design into the vinyl then allowing for weeding of the excess vinyl.

Carrier / Adhesive backing film

A carrier is the clear, shiny backing on a piece of HTV. Carriers can be tacky or smooth, depending on the type of HTV used. For example, a smooth carrier is more suited for simple designs whereas a high-tack backing is required for more complex designs.

Peel

Following heat application, you must peel the carrier away from the vinyl. A hot peel, warm peel. and cold peel are available depending on the HTV.

Cold peel - Peeling the carrier only after it has completley cooled down.

Warm peel - Wait until the carrier is warm to the touch before peeling it away.

Hot peel - In a hot peel, the carrier is immediately peeled as soon as it comes out of the press.

Weeding

When weeding a design, the excess vinyl from a cut design is removed, leaving the design as is.

Cavities

A cavity is an area where excess vinyl surrounds a design. An example of this is the centre of a donut or the number 0.

Soft Hand

When HTV has a "soft hand", the apparel and material feel one and the same. It is both soft to the touch and lightweight, making it ideal for breathable apparel such as printable sport uniforms.

Rebound, Elasticity, and Stretch.

Rebound is a term used when referring to the flexibility of a HTV product. It is important when working with sports uniforms, jerseys, or garments you stay active in, that the vinyl has high stretch and rebound qualities.

So you know the heat transfer lingo, now what?

Understanding thre appropriate fabrics and their corresponding HTV material is fundamental when creating your own heat transfers. There is a heat transfer vinyl material suitable for every fabric and application. Here is what you should keep in mind when shopping for heat transfer vinyl.

Flexibility & Weight

Knowing the client's needs and selecting the right HTV accordingly is essential. When choosing a heat transfer viny;, keep in mind the stretch and rebound of the garment. If you're heat pressing activewear, you need a heat transfer vinyl that is light and flexible, minimizing any restriction or unnecessary weight.

Fabric

A carrier is the clear, shiny backing on a piece of HTV. Carriers can be tacky or smooth, depending on the type of HTV used. For example, a smooth carrier is more suited for simple designs whereas a high-tack backing is required for more complex designs.

Polyester

Heat press on polyesters should never exceed temperaturesd of 149C (300F). Doing so will cause damage to the synthetic fabric, which in turn causes glossing or scorching.

Spandex/Rayon

Custom t shirt prints take a bit of practice, but with some perserverance and these best practices, you'll be a pro in no time.

Temperature

With Spandex you must keep the temperature low. You will want to utilize a slightly lower temperature than regular polyesters for this blend.

Pre-Shrink

Temperatures above 149C may cause the synthetic fabric to shrink. Industry-standard practice for these materials recommends that you always pre-shrink the fabric. It can be pre-shrunk by washing it with hot water first. Then run it through a high-temperature dryer.

Sample Test Garment

Your synthetic blend may not be best suited for heat pressing. It is recommended to test press on a sample to see how it reacts before your garment. Minimally increase temperature and observe carefully if no scorch marks a visible at 120C, raise temperature incrementally until you identify the optimal heat pressing temperature.

Choose dye-sublimation printing

In this process, dye is transferred from fabrics to plastics and papers by means of heat. Up until recently, this process was used only for industrial purposes. Today, it is widely used in the garment industry for heat pressing synthetic blends.



Cutting the Vinyl

In order to cut the vinyl, you will need to choose which vinyl cutter suits your business best and the prints you want to produce. A variety of vinyl cutters are available such as the Cricut Maker 3 or Silhouette Cameo4 for recreational, to professional cutters from Graphtec and Roland DG. The type of cutter you need is largely determined by how big your business is although fundamentally for the most part, the process is the same:


Create or Buy a Cut File

Are you planning to cut vinyl from a roll yourself? Or do you plan on using a custom-cut vinyl or pre-cut vinyl?

For your vinyl cutter to read and cut the artwork, a cut file is required. All vinyl cutters come pre-loaded with software that can register these cut files. To create a cut file, you can use software such as CorelDRAW and Adobe. Instructions on creating cut files can be found here. Alternatively, you can buy cut files if this isn’t suited for you.


Resizing & Mirroring Design

Once your cut lines are made it’s time to resize your design to suit the size of your garment. This is usually done with the same software used to create the cut line file (Corel,Adobe).

Your design will need to be mirrored when being cut to ensure it is orientated correctly on your garment.

More information can be found here by Googling

"Mirror your HTV"


Attention to Relevant Guidelines

It is essential to follow the specific guidelines corresponding with the HTV as they each have a unique set of instructions. If options are available on your cutter, ensure the offset, force and speed settings are optimal and that you are using the correct blade.

More information detailing the different sets of guidelines can be found usually be found within the packaging depending on who you order through. Elite Heat Transfer Media will supply you with all necessary documentation when making a purchase.


Weeding the Vinyl

Weeding vinyl essentially is like weeding your garden; remove all the unwanted bits without damaging the flowers. Weeding can be a breeze or a nightmare depending on the intricacy of your design and quality of HTV you are using. Ensuring all excess vinyl is removed and you are happy with your design, it’s time to heat press.



Heat Press Application Guides

Application Guidelines

Making sure to follow the HTV application guide(hot, warm and cold peel) exactly as instructed to ensure the best quality print is produced. Failing to do so will can blemish, scorch and ruin your garment completely.

If you are finding it difficult to follow the application guidelines with your current equipment, you may consider using a different HTV. For example, certain HTV’s can take up to 15 seconds whereas some others may only take up to 8 seconds. When completing large job orders, this is one way to effectively save your business’s time and money.


Heat Press: Step by Step

  1. Turn on your heat press

  2. Set the correct temperature and pressure

  3. Wait for your heat press to reach temperature

  4. Allign your item to center of the heat press

  5.         Close the press on the item to pre-heat it and eliminate any wrinkles

  6. Place your design on the item with the carrier facing up

  7. Put a cover sheet over the item to protect it

  8. Press as per HTV application guidelines

  9. Open your heat press, remove the item, and peel off the carrier according to the HTV guidelines

  10. Move on to the next item




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